Front axle - designation of views on individual subsets
View A - fastening of the steering assembly to the beam of the front axle
1 - front axle beam; 2 - steering assembly
View B - mounting reamer of the pivot pin assembly, tie rod, cardan shaft and lower swing arm mounting
1 – the external hinge of steering draft; 2 - cardan shaft assembly; 3 - pivot pin assembly; 4 - overlay; 5 - lower swing arm
View C - fastening the front axle beam to the body
1 - body frame; 2 - front axle beam; 3 - combined bolt; 4 - elastic hinge
View D - mounting the lower arm to the beam
1 - front axle beam; 2 - combined bolt; 3 – swinging lever; 4 - nut with washer
View D - installation of the cross stabilizer
1 - stabilizer; 2 - beam; 3 – swinging lever; 4 - stabilizer link
View E - mounting the front spring assembly to the front wheel hub assembly
1 - front spring assembly; 2 - front wheel hub assembly; 3 – a bolt of fastening of a spring knot
View F - fastening the front spring assembly to the body
1 - locknut; 2 - fixing plate; 3 - shock absorber holder in the body; 4 - helical spring; 5 - additional spring
The McPherson type front axle assembly is a mounting unit, to which, in addition to the front axle itself, i.e. front beam with oscillating consoles, also include wheel hubs, drive shafts, transverse stabilizer, steering assembly, front wheel brakes and elastic units. If some subsets are thematically related to other groups (e.g. brakes, shock absorbers, etc.), a description of them will be given in the relevant chapters.
Beam, also called auxiliary frame (see fig. View D - mounting the lower arm to the beam), is a welded sheet-forged structure attached to the body (in places above the front landing of the swing arms) two bolts and at the rear similarly with two combined bolts through an elastic hinge. Bolts are oriented vertically (see fig. View C - fastening the front axle beam to the body).
Swinging levers are suspended on the sides of the beam in elastic hinges. Front lever installation is horizontal, obliquely with respect to the vehicle axis. Rear mounting with vertical bolt. Therefore, the rocking movement of the levers is only possible due to the rubber elements of the hinges (see fig. View D - mounting the lower arm to the beam).
On the front side of the arms there are threaded panels for mounting the vertical rods of the stabilizer bar. The stabilizer link itself in rubber bushings is screwed to the beam (see fig. View D - installation of the cross stabilizer).
Four bolts inserted from below attach two steering collar assemblies to the beam (see fig. View A - fastening of the steering assembly to the beam of the front axle).
At the outer ends of the swing arms are three oval holes for mounting the front wheel hub ball stud holders. The wheel hub flange is attached to the lever from below, on its upper surface there is an overlay with welded nuts for three bolts inserted from below.
By moving it in the oval holes, you can slightly change the camber (see fig. View B - mounting reamer of the pivot pin assembly, tie rod, cardan shaft and lower swing arm mounting). At the top, the lower end of the spring assembly is inserted into the cartridge. The spring assembly and said ball pin allow the wheel hub to (pivot pin) swivel or perform the function of a classic king pin.